ENVIRONNEMENT DE RECETTE

Chimie organique - Spécialité

Familles chimiques et spectroscopie IR

Exercice 1 : Vocabulaire sur les molécules

Sélectionner parmi les phrases suivantes celles étant vraies :

\(1\). Le carbone est un atome divalent.
\(2\). La formule brute d'une molécule ne représente aucune des liaisons entre les atomes.
\(3\). Un atome univalent peut former une liaison covalente.
\(4\). Les isomères sont des molécules dont les formules brutes sont identiques, mais dont les formules développées sont différentes.

Exercice 2 : Identifier les groupes caractéristiques d'une molécule (sans Amine, Ester, Amide)

Sélectionner le ou les groupes caractéristiques présents dans la molécule suivante \( \text{(acide 4-hydroxy-3-méthoxybenzoïque)} \).

Hydroxyle
Carbonyle
Carboxyle

Exercice 3 : Identifier le type de représentation d'une molécule

Quel est le type de représentation de la molécule suivante (2,4-diméthylpentane) ?

{"init": {"range": [[0.6241700000000001, 6.839930000000001], [-2.184, 2.1258299999999997]], "scale": [50, 50]}, "line": [[[3.4722, 0.6], [3.1258, 0.4], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[3.99183, 0.6], [4.33827, 0.4], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[3.8515800000000002, 0.8925000000000001], [4.01102, 1.0825], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[3.61245, 0.8925000000000001], [3.45305, 1.0825], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[2.6062000000000003, 0.4], [2.2598000000000003, 0.6], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[2.866, -0.04999999999999999], [2.866, -0.45], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[2.866, 0.436], [2.866, 0.6839999999999999], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[4.8579, 0.4], [5.2043, 0.6], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[4.5981, -0.04999999999999999], [4.5981, -0.45], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[4.5981, 0.436], [4.5981, 0.6839999999999999], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[2.093, 0.9110699999999999], [2.217, 1.1258299999999999], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[1.83893, 0.843], [1.6241700000000001, 0.9670000000000001], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[1.907, 0.5889300000000001], [1.783, 0.37417], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[2.68, -0.75], [2.432, -0.75], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[2.866, -0.936], [2.866, -1.1840000000000002], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[3.052, -0.75], [3.3000000000000003, -0.75], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[5.5571, 0.5889300000000001], [5.6811, 0.37417], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[5.625170000000001, 0.843], [5.839930000000001, 0.9670000000000001], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[5.3711, 0.9110699999999999], [5.2471, 1.1258299999999999], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[4.4121, -0.75], [4.1640999999999995, -0.75], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[4.5981, -0.936], [4.5981, -1.1840000000000002], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[4.7841, -0.75], [5.0321, -0.75], {"subtype": "segment"}]], "label": [[[3.732, 0.75], "C", "center", {}], [[2.866, 0.25], "C", "center", {}], [[4.5981, 0.25], "C", "center", {}], [[2.0, 0.75], "C", "center", {}], [[2.866, -0.75], "C", "center", {}], [[5.4641, 0.75], "C", "center", {}], [[4.5981, -0.75], "C", "center", {}], [[4.1306, 1.225], "H", "center", {}], [[3.3335, 1.225], "H", "center", {}], [[2.866, 0.87], "H", "center", {}], [[4.5981, 0.87], "H", "center", {}], [[2.31, 1.2869], "H", "center", {}], [[1.4631, 1.06], "H", "center", {}], [[1.69, 0.2131], "H", "center", {}], [[2.246, -0.75], "H", "center", {}], [[2.866, -1.37], "H", "center", {}], [[3.486, -0.75], "H", "center", {}], [[5.7741, 0.2131], "H", "center", {}], [[6.001, 1.06], "H", "center", {}], [[5.1541, 1.2869], "H", "center", {}], [[3.9781, -0.75], "H", "center", {}], [[4.5981, -1.37], "H", "center", {}], [[5.2181, -0.75], "H", "center", {}]]}

Exercice 4 : Connaître les différentes représentations (développée, semi-developpée, brute)

Parmi les réprésentations suivants, lesquelles sont des représentations brute

A.

{"init": {"range": [[1.0, 4.732], [-1.56, 0.94]], "scale": [50, 50]}, "line": [[[3.4722, -0.21], [3.1258, -0.41000000000000003], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[2.6062000000000003, -0.41000000000000003], [2.2598000000000003, -0.21], {"subtype": "segment"}]], "label": [[[3.732, -0.06], "NH_{2}", "center", {}], [[2.866, -0.56], "CH_{2}", "center", {}], [[2.0, -0.06], "CH_{3}", "center", {}]]}
B.\(C_{4}H_{9}NO\)
C.

{"init": {"range": [[1.5369000000000002, 6.135], [-2.06, 1.44]], "scale": [50, 50]}, "line": [[[3.503, -0.76], [3.503, -0.36], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[3.303, -0.76], [3.303, -0.36], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[2.79673, 0.29000000000000004], [3.14317, 0.09], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[4.5288, 0.29000000000000004], [4.8751999999999995, 0.09], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[4.0092, 0.29000000000000004], [3.6628, 0.09], {"subtype": "segment"}]], "label": [[[3.403, -1.06], "O", "center", {}], [[2.5369, 0.44], "NH_{2}", "center", {}], [[4.269, 0.44], "CH_{2}", "center", {}], [[5.135, -0.06], "CH_{3}", "center", {}], [[3.403, -0.06], "C", "center", {}]]}
D.

{"init": {"range": [[0.46310000000000007, 5.5981], [-2.035, 1.56]], "scale": [50, 50]}, "line": [[[4.3882699999999994, -0.32339000000000007], [4.04183, -0.12339000000000004], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[4.28827, -0.49661], [3.9418300000000004, -0.29660999999999993], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[2.6062000000000003, -0.41000000000000003], [2.2598000000000003, -0.21], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[3.1258, -0.41000000000000003], [3.4722, -0.21], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[2.74645, -0.7025], [2.58705, -0.8925], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[2.98558, -0.7025], [3.14502, -0.8925], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[2.093, 0.10106999999999997], [2.217, 0.31583000000000006], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[1.83893, 0.033], [1.6241700000000001, 0.157], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[1.907, -0.22106999999999996], [1.783, -0.43583000000000005], {"subtype": "segment"}], [[3.732, 0.12600000000000003], [3.732, 0.374], {"subtype": "segment"}]], "label": [[[4.5981, -0.56], "O", "center", {}], [[2.866, -0.56], "C", "center", {}], [[2.0, -0.06], "C", "center", {}], [[3.732, -0.06], "C", "center", {}], [[2.4675, -1.035], "H", "center", {}], [[3.2646, -1.035], "H", "center", {}], [[2.31, 0.4769], "H", "center", {}], [[1.4631, 0.25], "H", "center", {}], [[1.69, -0.5969], "H", "center", {}], [[3.732, 0.56], "H", "center", {}]]}

Exercice 5 : Identifier les bonnes formules semi-développées

Parmi les formules semi-développées suivantes, lesquelles sont correctes ?
A

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